Index
in Urban transformations and public health in the emergent city
Chapter DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526150943.00015
Online Publication Date:
18 Aug 2020
Open Access (free)

Index

access
mobility and 84, 86
walking and cycling 90–1, 94
accessibility 84–5, 91
actor-network theory (ANT) 109–10
actuarial risk 18–19
ageing populations 108
agency of infrastructure 12, 16–17, 24
agriculture 133, 134, 135, 137
alcohol outlets 131–2
Allen, Pete 9–10
allostatic load 43–5
Amerindian perspectivism 182, 185–6
Andrew, Caroline 56, 71
antidepressant medication 155, 158
appropriation 84–5, 86, 94–6
apps 38–9
Arendt, Hannah 20
Aristotle 12, 81
‘asphalt’/‘hill’
as moral economies 161–3
in Rio de Janeiro 149–54
therapeutic approaches in 154–60
use of categories 149–50, 163–4
assemblages 12, 83, 85, 86, 93–4, 97
automobility 88–9
Bai, Xuemei 110–11
Beck, M.Bruce 204–5
‘behavioural sinks’ 42
Bergman, Manfred Max 84–5
Bhan, Gautam 23–4, 205–7
bicycle maintenance/repair 92–3
big data 6, 8–9, 198
biological and sociocultural approaches 11, 35–6, 37–8
biological localities 48–9
biopolitics 36, 39–40, 46–8, 49
bodily experiences
of depression 153, 161
social sciences and 111–12
Boiteux, Luciana 180
Botswana food security 135
Brazil
institutions 178–80
mental health in 147, 148, 149
migration within 189–91
violence 175
‘buffering’ of stress 45–6
building/dwelling perspectives 191
cable cars 203–4
Calhoun, John 42
Canguilhem, Georges 11
Cannon, Walter 42
capabilities
access and 91
functionings and 82–3, 86, 94, 97–8
time-spaces 27, 80, 83–5, 91–3, 98
urban space and 89–90
walking as 95–6
wellbeing 80, 85–6
Capabilities Approaches (CA) 80, 82–3, 85–6
Cape Town, South Africa 130–1, 132, 136
CAPS (Center for Psychosocial Care) 157–8
causality
propensity and 24
urban mental health 40–1
in urban scholarship 6–8, 9–12
Centre for Psychosocial Care (CAPS) 157–8
Chatterjee, Partha 206
childhood, toxic stress in 44, 46
China
health provision trade-offs 21–3
urban change and sanitation 104–9, 112, 113–14
urbanism 207–8
Chisikone Market, Kitwe 138
cities
defining 4
diversity of 3
metabolism of 2–3, 4–5
seeing like a city 14
citizen-led initiatives 80, 87–8, 98
city commons 1–2, 198
Clark, David A. 82–3
closed-loop sanitation systems 105–6, 107, 113–14
cognitive appropriation 85
see also appropriation
commensuration 6, 17–24, 205–9
common pool resources 2, 5–6
commons
city 1–2, 198
tragedy of the 2
competencies
mobility and 85, 86
walking and cycling 91–4, 95–6
complexity theory 111, 115
complex systems 2–4, 5–13, 198–9, 201
Consuming Urban Poverty research project 124
credit in informal shops 131
crime, fear of 94–5
criminal justice 178–80
cycling
citizen-led initiatives 80–1, 87–8
cultivating potential for 88–96
São Paulo and London 86–8
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 21
data analytics 8–9
data-rich urban science 198
defibrillators 13, 14–15
Delhi, India 24, 205–7
Deng Xiaoping 21, 200, 207–8
density 42–3
depression
case studies 156–60
symptoms and determinants 151–4
therapeutic approaches 154–6
urban living 147–9
de Souza Santos, Andreza Aruska, chapters by 1–34, 198–210
determinism 9, 11–12, 37
dietary diversity 124, 134
disabilities, people with 90–1
disadvantaged individuals/groups
citizen-led initiatives 87–8, 96
further research 97–8
wellbeing 79–80, 90–1, 92, 94
domestic violence 63–6, 69–70
drinking water 135–6, 138
drug dealing 177–8, 180
drug use 71, 177–8
dwelling/building perspectives 191–2
Echeverri, Alejandro 203
ecological model of gender-based violence (GBV) 58
emergence 6, 11, 13–17, 20–1, 23–4
entwined becoming 97
epigenetics 37, 38, 44
ethical dilemmas 18–21, 23–4
ethnographic approaches 150–1, 163–4
eudaimonic conceptions of wellbeing 81–2, 85, 89, 95, 97
Evans, Yara
chapter by 55–78
discussion 25–6, 199, 209
experimental thinking 6
experimentation 10, 201–5, 207–8
expertise
clustering of 15–16
commensuration of 6, 17, 202
Fajardo, Sergio 203
Family Health Strategy (FHS) 150–2
Fassin, Didier 36, 162–3
fear
of crime 94–5
women’s right to the city 66–7, 72–3
Ferguson, James 20–1
Flamm, Michael 84
flushing toilets 104, 107
food deserts 134, 140
Food Environment Classification Tool 125
food environments
in African cities 126–9, 139–40
broader urban environment 132–3
concept of 124–6
health and 125, 133–6
marketplaces 129–32
food policy councils 138–9
food safety 132, 135–6, 138
food security/insecurity 123–4, 128, 133, 134–9
food swamps 134, 140
‘foodways’ 126, 139
forced labour 68
formality/informality 126–7
Freirean theory 188
fuel sources 135–6
functionings 82–3, 86, 94, 96–8
‘fundamental causes’ 41, 45
Galea, Sandro 44–5
gangs
justice and 179
prisons and 178
violence 67, 70, 172
Garcia, Afrânio 189
gender-based violence (GBV)
causes of 68–71
conceptualising 56–60
health, gender and the right to the city 71–4
multidimensionality 63–5
research methodologies 60–2
spaces of 65–8
tolerance of 59, 73–4
urban living and 55–6
general adaptation syndrome 42
geomapping 38–9
Gilroy, Paul 174
Glass, Thomas A. 10
Global Mental Health 148–9, 153, 164
Goldberg, David 161
Goldstein, Kurt 11
governance
of cities 1–3
historic public health 4–5
urban food environments 138–9
Guerrero, Rodrigo 203
Hägerstrand, Torsten 84
Hansen, Pelle G. 19–20
Hardin, Garrett 2
Harré, Rom 12
health care
distribution of infrastructure 13, 14, 16
informal care and 47
inverse care law 163
Rio de Janeiro 150–2
trade-offs in China 21–3
health centres 206
Healthy China 2030 106
hedonic conceptions of wellbeing 81, 82–3, 85, 93, 95, 97
Hegel, Friedrich 173–4
Heise, Lori 58
‘hill’/‘asphalt’
as moral economies 161–3
in Rio de Janeiro 149–54
therapeutic approaches in 154–60
use of categories 149–50, 163–4
hospital distribution 16
housing 7–8, 57, 191
hukou system 21–2
human practice 111
human trafficking 68
identity and migration 189–90, 192
imaginary 200–1, 208–9
immigration status 69
incarceration 177–8, 179–80
India
sanitation 23–4
squatting in Delhi 205–7
individuality 187, 193–5
inequalities
Brazil 148, 187
mental health and 46
networked cities 103
reproduction of 176, 178–80, 187–9, 193
Rio de Janeiro 149–54, 175
wellbeing and 79–80, 90
informality 126–7
informal settlements 129, 132–3, 136, 137–8
informal shops 127, 131–2, 137
infrastructure
agency of 24
materiality of 15–16
in networked city 103
propensity of 13–17
sanitation 102, 105–8, 109, 114
in traditional marketplaces 130
urban food environments and 137–8
Ingold, Tim 191
institutional racism 178–80, 181
institutional violence 67–8, 69–70
insurance 18–19, 22–3
Internet of Things 107
intersectionality 58–9, 69
intimate partner violence (IPV) 65–6, 71
inverse care law 163
Iossifova, Deljana
chapter by 102–22
discussion 27, 200
‘I–You’ social dynamics 184–5, 193
Jacobs, Jane 94
James, C.L.R. 174
Joelsson, Irmelin 21
Joye, Dominique 84–5
Jubilee Market, Kisumu 129–30
justice, access to 193
ka tables 127
Kathmandu, Nepal 204–5
Kaufmann, Vincent 84–5, 97
Keith, Michael, chapters by 1–34, 198–210
Khayelitsha, South Africa 130–1
Kibuye Market, Kisumu 129
Kisumu, Kenya
food environments 127–9
food safety 136
governance 138
marketplaces 129–30
Kitwe, Zambia 137, 138
Krenzinger, Miriam
chapter by 55–78
discussion 25–6, 199, 209
landscape 191
land-use zoning 131, 132, 136–9
Lefebvre, Henri 20
LGBTQ+ people, violence against 67
life sciences 36–7, 46
Link, Bruce 41, 44–5
living laboratories/observatories 201–3, 207–8
local food 133
local government
role in traditional marketplaces 130
urban food environment 138–9
local state capitalism 207–8
Lock, Margaret 48–9
lock-ins 12, 16, 23–4, 201, 204
London
Bangladeshi family housing 7–8
causes of VAWG 68–71
cycling and walking 86–94, 95–6
multidimensionality of VAWG 63–5
research methodologies 60–1
spaces of VAWG 65–8
urban VAWG and the right to the city 71–4
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners 15–16
malnutrition 124, 134
Manning, Nick 44
Maré, Rio de Janeiro
causes of VAWG 68–71
multidimensionality of VAWG 63–5
research methodologies 61–2
spaces of VAWG 65–8
urban VAWG and the right to the city 71–4
markets/marketplaces
informal shops 131–2
street food vendors 132
supermarkets 130–1
traditional 127, 128, 129–30
Marmot, Michael 38
master–slave relationship 182–4
materiality of infrastructure 15–16
McEwen, Bruce 43–4
McEwen, Craig 44
McIlwaine, Cathy
chapter by 55–78
discussion 25–6, 199, 209
mechanisms
beyond social factors 38
importance of 41
stress as 38, 42
Medellin, Colombia 203–4
mental health
the city and 35–6
government programmes 39–40, 47
informal care 47
mechanisms 41–5
migrant women 72
social determinants 38
transformations in care 150–4
urban living and 147–8
migrant women 60–1, 63–5, 67–70, 72
migration
access to toilets 114
within Brazil 189–91, 192
mental health and 35
violence against women and girls (VAWG) 58–9
violence as driver of 68
military police 179–81
milkway 204–5
miscegenation 188
mobility
access to health resources 15
capabilities and 96, 97–8
concept of 84–5
wellbeing-mobility nexus 85–6
wellbeing and 80–1, 88–90
modelling 9–10
mohalla clinics 206–7
moral anthropology 162–3
moral dilemmas 18–21, 23–4
moral economies 156–60, 161–3
Mors, Susan Buck 174
motility 80, 84–5, 86, 94, 97–8
Mozambique 135
murder 175–7
Nairobi, Kenya 124
National Urban and Rural Environmental Sanitation Clean Action Plan (2015–2020) 106
networked cities 102–4
neuroscience 36–7
New Type Urbanisation Plan (2014–20) 108
New York 39–40, 47
night soil collection 105–6
Nixon, Denver V.
chapter by 79–101
discussion 26–7, 198–200, 209
non-intimate partner violence (non-IPV) 57
nudging and individual rights 18, 19–20
nutrition environments 125
obesity 124, 133–4
obesogenic environment thesis 134
obligations 3, 19, 20, 198
ontological dualities 181–7, 188–9, 192, 193, 195
Ortega, Francisco
chapter by 147–70
discussion 28–9, 199, 209
Ostrom, Elinor 2
Other, the 181, 184, 185–6, 193–5
overcrowding 42–3, 57
Palmeira, Moacir 189
path dependencies 12, 13–14, 24, 182–3, 201, 205
Patriotic Health Campaign 105–6
PEAK Urban approach 208
‘Pedro’ (case study) 158–60
person-centred consultations 155, 157, 163, 164
Phelan, Jo 41, 45
pit latrines 104, 108
planning
differing measures of value 202–3, 204, 205–7
mobility and access 84
sanitation 102–3, 110, 113–14
stress research and 42–3
urban food environments 126–7, 129, 137, 139–40
policing 176–7, 178–81
policy see urban policy
politics of the governed 206
pollution 37, 81, 84, 107, 114
potential outcomes frameworks 10
poverty
causality and 7–8, 40–1
criminalisation of 178–80, 195
mental health and 38, 46, 148, 153
violence against women and girls (VAWG) 58
power relations 68–9
practice theory 111–13, 115
prediction 6, 9–13
prevention 4, 47, 198
primary health care
distribution of infrastructure 13, 14, 16
informal care and 47
inverse care law 163
Rio de Janeiro 150–2
private/public spheres 56, 57
professions 202–3
propensity 11, 12, 13–17, 24
provincialising urban scholarship 110–11, 114–15
public goods 17, 20
public health
defining 4
framing the city through 198–9, 205
public interest 2, 198
public spaces 66, 70, 88–90, 94–5
racism
class and 181, 187–8
institutional/structural 178–80, 193
Rio de Janeiro 172–4
violence against women and girls (VAWG) 64
Rapoport, Amos 43
‘Raquel’ (case study) 156–8
Rawls publicity principle 19–20
real estate of health care 16
reflexivity 201, 202
refrigeration 132
regime change 192–3
research see urban scholarship
research methodologies
citizen-led cycling and walking initiatives 87–8
mental health 38–9, 151–2
violence against women and girls (VAWG) 60–2
resilience 153, 155, 163
Retail Food Environment Index 125
rights
health provision trade-offs 21–3
individual 17–21
right to the city
excluded settlements 206
gender and 56, 59, 65, 71–4
limits to 20
in policy design 17
Rio de Janeiro
causes of violence against women and girls (VAWG) 68–71
‘hill’ and ‘asphalt’ in 149–54
mental health case studies 156–60
multidimensionality of VAWG 63–5
murder victims 176
research methodologies 61–2
spaces of VAWG 65–8
state violence 180–1
therapeutic approaches to mental health 154–6
urban VAWG and the right to the city 71–4
violence 175
Robeyns, Ingrid 97
Rose, Nikolas
chapter by 35–54
discussion 11, 25, 199, 209
rural life and identity 189–90
Sandel, Michael 19
sanitation
food safety 135–6, 138
impact of poor 23–4
networked cities 103–4
towards a practice approach 109–15
urban change in China 104–9
violence against women and girls (VAWG) 57
São Paulo, Brazil
cycling and walking 86–92, 94–6
Megacity Mental Health Survey 148, 149
mental health 148
Schwanen, Tim
chapter by 79–101
discussion 26–7, 198–200, 209
Science and Technology Studies (STS) 11
self-monitoring 18–20
Selye, Hans 42
Sen, Amartya 80, 82–3
service-networked sanitation 105–6, 107, 113–14
sewage-based sanitation 105, 108, 114
sexual abuse 71
sexual harassment 66, 68, 70
Shove, Elizabeth 112–13
Simone, Maliq 205
skills 91–4
see also competencies
Skov, Katrine L. 19–20
Skov, Laurits R. 19–20
slavery
dual ontologies 183–7, 193
ongoing significance 187–8
path dependencies of 182–3
Smit, Warren
chapter by 123–46
discussion 27–8, 200, 209
Soares, Luiz Eduardo
biography and research 171–5
chapter by 171–97
discussion 12, 26, 29, 199, 209
social capital 45–7, 203
social determinants
of mental health 38, 41, 44–8, 151–4, 164
of violence against women and girls (VAWG) 57–8
social integration
bicycle repair 93–4
time-spaces 83
social networks
depression and 152–3, 154, 163
migration and 189–90
social sciences
biological roots of 37–8
bodily experiences and 111–12
stress research 46
social urbanism 203–4
sociocultural and biological approaches 11, 35–6, 37–8
socio-eco-technical approaches 111
sociotechnical approaches 109–10
solid waste 136
‘somatisation’ 153
Sousa Silva, Eliana
chapter by 55–78
discussion 25–6, 199, 209
South Africa 20–1, 130–1, 135
southern urbanism 23–4, 205–6
space, wellbeing and mobility 88–90
spaza shops 127
see also informal shops
Special Economic Zones 208
speed
of access to health resources 13, 14–16
of urban change 12–13
squatting 205–7
squat toilets 104
state violence 180–1
Stellar, Elliot 43–4
street food vendors 128, 132, 135, 138
street lighting 57
stress 41–8
structural violence 56, 57–9, 65, 69–71, 74
Sundaram, Ravi 205
supermarkets 130–1, 135
supernatural, the 185–6
Sustainable Development Goals 59, 107
systems
complex 2–4, 5–13, 198–9, 201
health care 17–24
metropolitan/urban 6, 7, 24
of systems 3–4, 9, 198
systems approach 111, 115
technological change
health systems and 13–17
individual rights and 18–21
temporality 191–2
temporary structures 206–7
therapeutic time-spaces 84
Thompson, Michael 204–5
ThriveNYC 39–40, 47
time-spaces 83–4, 85–6, 93
Titmuss, Richard 20
Toilet Revolution 106–7, 114
toilets 104, 106–7, 108
see also sanitation
tourism 106–7
tradition and territory 192
transnationality 55, 68, 69, 74
transport networks 70, 132–3
‘tuck shops’ see informal shops
Tudor Hart, Julian 163
UN-Habitat New Urban Agenda (NUA) 59
UN-Habitat Safer Cities 59
United Kingdom health care distribution 14–15, 16
‘unit groups’ 154, 160, 162
urban agriculture 133, 134, 135, 137
‘Urban Brain’ research programme 36, 48
urban commons 1–2
urban food environments
in African cities 126–9, 139–40
broader urban environment 132–3
concept of 124–6
health and 133–6
marketplaces 129–32
urban imaginaries 200–1, 208–9
urbanisation
Brazil 189–91
China 104–9, 114
gender and 56–7, 59
urbanism
global 12, 111, 208–9
social 203–4
Southern 23–4, 206
urban justice 56
urban living laboratories 201–3, 207–8
urban policy
context and design 205–7
criminal justice 178–80
evidence and experimentation 8, 10–11, 202–3, 204, 208
mental health 39–40, 47
networked cities 102–3
sanitation 105–9, 113
urban scholarship
causality in 6–8, 9–12
data analysis in 8–9
new configuration of 5–6, 24
provincialising of 110–11, 114–15
urban violence 58, 66, 70–1, 203
user perspectives 39
value 6, 19–20, 22, 203–4
violence
fear of 94–5
incarceration for 177–8
by the state 180–1
urban 26, 58, 66, 70–1, 203
violence against women and girls (VAWG)
causes of 68–71
conceptualising 56–60
health, gender and the right to the city 71–4
multidimensionality 63–5
research methodologies 60–2
spaces of 65–8
tolerance of 59, 73–4
urban living and 55–6
vitalism 11–12
Viveiros de Castro, Eduardo 182–3, 185–6, 187
Viswanath, Kalpana 56, 71
Waiselfisz, Julio Jacobo 175
walking
citizen-led initiatives 80–1, 87–8
cultivating potential for 88–96
São Paulo and London 86–8
water-borne sanitation 103–4, 107–8, 114
wearable devices 18–20
welfare 20–1, 22
wellbeing
concept of 79–80, 81–4
mobility and space 88–90
sustainable 110
wellbeing-mobility nexus 85–6
of women 56–7, 71–2, 74
Wenceslau, Leandro David
chapter by 147–70
discussion 28–9, 199, 209
wheelchair users 90–1
Whitzman, Carolyn 56, 71
wicked problems 23–4, 205
women
causes of violence against women and girls (VAWG) 68–71
conceptualising VAWG 56–60
health and the right to the city 71–4
multidimensionality of VAWG 63–5
spaces of VAWG 65–8
urban living and 55–6
wellbeing of 56–7, 71–2, 74
workplace violence 66, 70, 72
World Health Organization (WHO) 5, 38
worth 6, 202–4
see also value
Xi Jinping 22–3, 208
Zambia 127, 131, 133, 137–8
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Editors:
Michael Keith
and
Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos
eISBN:
9781526150943
Publisher:
Manchester University Press
Cover Urban transformations and public health in the emergent city
Subjects:
Human Geography
Keywords:
urban transformation; mental health; violence against women and girls (VAWG); mobility; sanitation; food; racism
Page Count:
233
Publisher:
Manchester University Press

Series: Global Urban Transformations

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