Mapurbe glossary
in Performing the jumbled city

Mapurbe glossary

Note: Some words vary slightly in their spelling across the various text reproduced in this book, according to the preference of each author

Afafan: a battle cry, also used for celebrations and in certain ceremonies.
Awigkamiento: the process of becoming a winka (foreigner). It is used by Mapuche essentialist sectors to construct the idea that there is an ideal way of ‘being Mapuche’ and other ‘deviant’ ways. The deviation from this ideal would be through the use of winka culture within the Mapuche world.
Bombilla: a metal straw used to drink mate, a herbal tea common across South America.
Chaltu: from chaltu may, meaning ‘thank you’.
Champurria: mixed or mixed up. Originally referring to racial mixture. Also used in the verbal form of champurriar, or champurriado.
Chasqui: an Andean messenger who travelled great distances along the Inca Trail.
Chaway: earrings.
Chicha: a fermented, fruit-based drink, preferably apple-based in Wallmapu.
Colo-Colo: the most popular football team in Chile, especially among people of Mapuche origin. Colo-Colo is the name of a Mapuche leader from the first half of the 1500s who fought in the Arauco war with the Spanish.
Domo: woman, female.
Eluwün: funeral. The Mapuche ceremony entails the recounting of the whole life of the dead person as a way of ‘closing’ his or her existence previously entangled in ongoing relationships. This biographical narrative is usually performed by patrilineal and matrilineal relatives in a dialogical way.
Epew: Mapuche fictional stories featuring animals.
Feley: affirmative and/or reinforcing statement.
Fente puy: phrase used to end a story or a speech, the literal translation could be ‘I have finished’ or ‘it's over’.
Fütake che: older people, ancestors.
Fütalmapu: large territorial units, unified in terms of identity and politically organised in the event of war and diplomacy.
Fütra: big, large.
Gen: spirit of natural entities (literally ‘owner’).
Gillatun: one of the main religious ceremonies of the Mapuche people.
Gillatuwe: a place where one of the most important religious activities of the Mapuche people, the Nguillatun, takes place.
Gulu che: people/a person from the west of Mapuche territory, present-day Chile.
Kafey: also, too.
Kalku: sorcerer, witch.
Kishu: alone.
Kuku: grandmother.
Kullkull: a musical instrument similar to a bugle but made from a cow’s horn.
Kultxun: a drum, usually employed in ceremonies by shamans.
Küme mogen: ‘Buen vivir’ or good living.
Küpal/Küpalme: family, descent, lineage. Socio-cultural and community heritage of a family lineage.
Kütxal: fire.
Lamgen: sister/brother. Used also as a generic term by a male speaker to address a female interlocutor and by a female speaker to address both female and male interlocutor.
Lelfün: rural lowlands.
Lhafkenh che: people/a person inhabiting the coast.
Lhewfu: river.
Lof: basic communal unit of social organisation, recognising the authority of a lonko (chief).
Logko: chief, literally ‘head’, in charge of the lof.
Machi’s rewe: each machi (Mapuche religious authority) has his or her rewe (altar), which marks his or her life history and link to the territory.
Machituke: healing ceremony performed by a machi.
Makuñ: traditional Mapuche poncho or blanket.
Mapu: land, earth, the surrounding environment.
Mapuchada: a group of Mapuche, the Mapuche crew.
Mapunky: neologism for Mapuche and punk, used to identify musical genres, aesthetics, lifestyles.
Mapurbe: a term coined by the poet David Aniñir Guiltraro and widely adopted by urban Mapuche in both Chile and Argentina. Identifying young indigenous Mapuche living in cities, also used as an adjective and to refer to places, ways of being, and poetics.
Mapuzugun: the Mapuche language. Literally: ‘the language/word of the earth’.
Marichiweu: battle cry meaning ‘ten times we will win’.
May: yes.
Menoko: semi-marshy areas where it is possible to find various natural medicines.
Metawe: a pottery jar of domestic use, usually for liquids.
Muzay: a fermented beer of maize or wheat.
Ñaña: affectionate and respectful address between women.
Naq che: people/a person living in lowland areas or plains.
Newen: strength or energy.
Ñogol: see Machi’s rewe.
Ñuke: mother.
Nütxam: a genre of speech usually related to history; also used to denote conversation and dialogue.
Paco: Chilean jargon for policeman.
Palin: traditional Mapuche game played with a ball (pali) and a stick (wüño).
Panarife: a bread-maker.
Papay: affectionate and respectful address of adult women and of each other.
Peñi: brother. Used also as a generic term by a male speaker to address a male interlocutor.
Pewen: Araucaria araucana, the Monkey Puzzle tree, also known as the Chilean Pine.
Pewen che: people/a person living in the Andean mountain range.
Pewma: dream.
Pewkayal: farewell greeting. It literally means ‘until we will meet again’.
Pichi che: child/children.
Pikun che: people/a person living in the north of the Mapuche territory.
Pirulogko: silly, dumb. Literally ‘wormy head’.
Piwke: heart.
Pobla: affective and colloquial, from ‘población’, denoting a marginalised urban settlement, slum or shanty town.
Purun: to dance/a dance.
Puwel che: people/a person from the eastern part of Mapuche territory, now Argentina.
Ruka: house, home.
Rukear: Spanish verbalisation of ruka, neologism for ‘to make home’.
Rütxafe: a metalsmith.
Tokikura: an axe-shaped stone used by Mapuche political authorities.
Txarilogko: headband.
Txawün: meeting, reunion.
Txayenko: waterfalls of great cultural and spiritual significance.
Tuwün: one’s place of origin.
Wagülhen: star, divine feminine energy, creator of life on earth.
Wallmapu: the territory all around. It refers to the Mapuche ancestral territory.
Waria: city.
Waria che: person/people of the city. Widely used by former generations of Mapuche migrants, it adapts to the urban context the traditional way of denominating territorial identities.
Weichafe: warrior.
Wekufe: spirit or demon.
Wente che: people/a person inhabiting the valleys.
Wentru: man, male.
Wenufoye: the Mapuche flag.
Werken: messenger.
Weychan: fight, battle.
Wigka: non-Mapuche, mostly with a negative connotation. It can also mean ‘thief’ or ‘enemy’.
Willi che: people/a person living in the south of the Mapuche territory.
Wiño: ‘hockey’ sticks to play the palin, traditional Mapuche game.
Wiphala: the flag of indigenous people of the Andes.
Witxan: visitor.
Yiwiñ kofke: fried bread (in Spanish sopaipillas).
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Performing the jumbled city

Subversive aesthetics and anticolonial indigeneity in Santiago de Chile

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