Core historical concepts reconsidered
Adrian Zimmermann

democratic constitution. Space does not allow an analysis of reformminded forces in the nations formerly dominated by communist parties (e.g. the Yugoslav system of self-management; the council movement in the Hungarian uprising of 1956; or the reforms during the ‘Prague Spring’) or initiatives in the developing world. Instead, the chapter focuses on those developments that were most influential in the capitalist West: first, guild socialism in Britain and the combination of the council movement and socialisation in Germany and Austria after the First World War; second

in In search of social democracy
Open Access (free)
Memory and popular film
Paul Grainge

national purity and tradition by ‘alien’ elements and ideologies – was addressed in the public history films and commemoration pictures examined by Roberta E. Pearson and Heidi Kenaga in this book, Blade Runner (1982), Total Recall (1990) and Memento (2000) demonstrate a more contemporary concern with the unsettled boundaries between reality and simulation in the constitution of remembered identity and experience. If

in Memory and popular film
Open Access (free)
Finn Stepputat

, international peace missions and others who manage dead bodies in ways that overlap or conflict with legally institutionalised state practices. Thus, in general terms, the aim of this volume is to explore how the management of dead bodies is related to the constitution, territorialisation and membership of political and moral communities that enframe lives in various parts of the world. Unlike a previous wave of interest in the history of death 2 which during the 1980s focused on societal attitudes towards death and the effects of death in terms of interpersonal relations

in Governing the dead
M. Anne Brown

injury. That large-scale human rights abuse is not something that happens only ‘somewhere else’ – perpetrated by other peoples or at other times, or in societies with authoritarian political structures or poverty-stricken economies, underdeveloped legal systems or immature ‘civil societies’ – is a simple point that can nevertheless prove extraordinarily difficult to grasp in practice. This case study thus considers some of the limitations of those dominant understandings of rights that mark both international rights promotion and the constitution

in Human rights and the borders of suffering
Open Access (free)
Kjell M. Torbiörn

none too soon. An EU Convention on the Future of Europe was consequently convened in 2002 with a mandate to make proposals to governments for a MUP_Torbion_09_Ch9 190 22/9/03, 3:41 pm A new European Union 191 new EU constitution in 2003. This would be necessary also to prepare for the ‘big bang’ enlargement decided at a summit in Copenhagen in December 2002, where it was agreed to invite ten candidate countries to join in 2004: Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. Negotiations would continue with

in Destination Europe
Joanna Gore

. Conclusion I have suggested that institutions play a significant part in the constitution of self and others through shared notions of normality and ideal person, with particular reference to institutions for the ‘mentally ill’ and schools. (Re)categorisation of ‘art’ and ‘artists’ can legitimise the breakdown of restrictive and negative categories and, in the process, go towards validating if not the person, certainly the work and expressions of the artist who has been invalidated as ‘mentally ill’ or ‘child’. The activities and ambitions of the community arts movement in

in Changing anarchism
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A cognitive perspective
Gilles Allaire

, is essential to the overall constitution of food quality. I call these cognitive paradigms, and identify a central tension between two fundamental tendencies: the tendency towards experimental decomposition and combination; and the tendency towards holistic quality based on identity. I thus see the social process of qualification as a dynamic one, in which quality conflicts and quality hybridisation are central features of global food markets, provisioning and consumption. The ‘quality turn’ The differentiation of food by quality concerns the whole system of food

in Qualities of food
Constituting the cultural economy
Fran Tonkiss

and exchanges. The discussion that follows traces key aspects of this governance mix for the constitution of a cultural economy, as the contingent nature of cultural products, cultural markets and cultural work puts into question certain established frames for analysing economic organisation. Cultural industries make slippery analytic objects:1 sectoral boundaries can be hard to define; ‘firms’ can be only loosely integrated, hidden, short-lived or very mobile (and often are all of these); product design, labour processes and work practices can change very rapidly

in Market relations and the competitive process
Open Access (free)
The German model of federalism
Arthur B. Gunlicks

chap 12 27/5/03 12:04 pm Page 385 12 Conclusion: the German model of federalism The German model The most commonly cited characteristic of American federalism is “dual federalism.” This refers to constitutionally delegated powers for the federal government and reserve powers for the states, with each level of government responsible for making, financing, implementing, and administering its own policies. In case of conflict, federal law is supreme so long as the federal government is authorized to act by the constitution. German federalism is also sometimes

in The Länder and German federalism
Rousseau as a constitutionalist
Mads Qvortrup

. His swipe against the English was not a total dismissal of the British constitution. Indeed, he praised the Westminster system in Lettres écrites de la montagne (III: 848). What he merely wanted to show was that Britain – at that time the only major power to hold elections – was not an ideal polity. In developing a model of constitutionalism, Rousseau stressed that the people should be entitled to veto legislation lest the enactments of the representatives should be in contravention of the General Will, i.e. represent the Particular as opposed to the General Will

in The political philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau