Devolution Issues concerning women 171 12 Devolution ➤ Review of the background to devolution ➤ Past attempts to introduce devolution ➤ Analysis of the reasons why devolution was introduced after 1997 ➤ How devolution was implemented in various parts of the UK ➤ Analysis of different political attitudes towards devolution ➤ Speculation as to how successful the implementation of devolution has been BACKGROUND Movements which were dedicated to the introduction of greater selfgovernment for Britain’s national regions can be traced back as far as the nineteenth
medications close to home. Elba Rahmouni: This project was developed at a time when Kenya was undergoing significant changes in its constitution, with the so-called devolution process giving the regions and their subdivisions greater autonomy. Did that decentralisation process have an impact on how the project was conducted? Léon Salumu: The decentralisation of power also meant decentralisation of our interlocutors. The devolution was a great help
. How might NGOs respond? Will MSF leave the European cities in which its operational centres are based, and will the International Rescue Committee move from its New York headquarters to Dakar, Jakarta or Quito? At the moment, the answer of most major relief groups is implied by their stasis: no. But some measure of devolution appears necessary if they are to retain legitimacy. The gravest political challenge NGOs face lies not in what is going on in the Global South but rather what is going on at home in the Global North, particularly in Europe
This book seeks to review the state of political issues early in the twenty-first century, when New Labour is in its second term of office. As part of the updating process it became necessary to choose which political issues are important. The book includes the main issues which appear in current Advanced Level Politics syllabuses. In the case of Edexcel, which offers a specific political issues option in its A2 specification, all the specified issues have been included. The book deals with the process of constitutional and political change which are issues in themselves. It also includes material on constitutional reform (incorporating the recent development of human rights in Britain), and devolution. The book includes the global recession and other recent political developments and looks at the important issues in British politics since 1945. It examines the key issues of British politics today: economic policy, the Welfare State, law and order, environment policy, Northern Ireland, issues concerning women, European integration and the European Union, and the impact of the European Union on Britain. The book also deals with the European Union and Britain's relationship to it. Finally, it must be emphasised that Britain's relationship to the European Union is in itself a political issue which has fundamentally changed the party system.
The role of national machineries, as a way to promote the status of women, acquired international relevance during the World Conference on the International Women's Year, in Mexico City in 1975. This book reflects Division for the Advancement of Women's (DAW) long-standing interest in the area of national machineries, bringing together the experiences, research and insights of experts. The first part of the book sets out the major issues facing national machineries at the conceptual level. It reflects upon five aspects of democratization: devolution or decentralization; the role of political parties; monitoring and auditing systems; and the importance of increasing the presence of women within institutions of the state and government. The second part is a comparative analysis and sets out the major issues facing national machineries at the political level. A combination of factors, including civil society, state bodies and political actors, need to come together for national machineries to function effectively in the interest of gender equality. Next comes the 'lessons learned' by national machineries in mainstreaming gender. National machineries should have an achievable agenda, an important part of which must be 'a re-definition of gender issues. The third part contains case studies that build upon the specific experiences of national machineries in different countries. The successful experience of Nordic countries in gender mainstreaming is also discussed.
9 Peter Lynch The Scottish Conservatives, 1997–2001 The Scottish Conservatives, 1997–2001: from disaster to devolution and beyond Peter Lynch William Hague’s four years of leadership of the Conservative Party coincided with a revolution in the political opportunity structure of Scottish Conservatism. First, the Scotish Tories were wiped out at the 1997 general election, their worst electoral performance of all time and their lowest share of the vote since 1865. Second, the party’s constitutional position was heavily defeated at the devolution referendum of
in this, but there were also hopes that reform of the House of Commons to make it more efficient and effective could be undertaken. We can now see how extensive the Labour proposals were in 1997. Of course, experience tells us that the new government fell some way short of implementing the whole plan. However, in order to evaluate the process, it is important to be able to compare Labour’s original aspirations with its subsequent actions. These can now be considered in more detail. Constitutional reform 155 DEVOLUTION The details of the devolution settlement are
how many wanted to be involved – by first examining Labour’s historical attitude to the subject. It then outlines how ministers responded to its emergence as a live issue during the late 1960s, and in particular highlights Judith Hart’s thinking, as she was the minister briefly in charge of the matter. The chapter then looks at those areas where increasing participation was at least discussed, such as planning, devolution, and community development. The chapter finally turns to the matter of participation within the Labour Party itself. Labour, the individual and
Northern Issues concerning Ireland women Northern Ireland 129 10 ➤ The background to the Northern Ireland problem ➤ The build up to and the importance of the Good Friday Agreement ➤ The effect of the devolution process on Northern Ireland ➤ The workings of the Northern Ireland Assembly ➤ The effects of decommissioning of arms and demilitarisation ➤ The future of Northern Ireland BACKGROUND TO THE PROBLEM How Northern Ireland came about Until 1921 Ireland was a single political entity under British rule. It elected MPs to parliament in London, but was
Conservative politics of nationhood under William Hague, focusing on the ‘English Question’ and the politics of ‘race’. Policy towards the European Union (EU) is examined in Chapter 8. The end of Empire, moves towards membership of the European Community (EC), devolution and immigration posed significant challenges to the dominant One Nation perspective in the 1960s. Two contrasting positions on how to adapt the Conservative politics of nationhood emerged. Edward Heath proposed EC membership, Scottish devolution and a liberal perspective on race relations. Enoch Powell