Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and South Africa to the expense of those in Zambia. Within the country, racial segregation and exploitation severely affected the life chances and opportunities of the indigenous Africans who made up the majority of the population. The contours of colonial rule also applied to sports, which were divided into ‘expatriate sports’ and ‘African sports’, with white settlers and natives having separate sports governing
to speak a common language, the monolingual majority of both French and British local populations usually did not even realise the confusion they are causing (Baré n.d.). They resided in the same areas but occupied different worlds. It is as though, mutually unaware, they almost glided past one another. The same happened in the Mallorcan village of Deia, whose famous resident Robert Graves attracted a colony of expatriate artists. As one of the colony, who later became its ethnographer, stated: ‘Unless something occurred which directly involved a local and a
Palmer, a ‘liberal’ British expatriate, working in the ‘non European’ section of the University of Natal. Lily hopes that she can gain educational guidance and friendship from Mabel Palmer. Sibusisiwe Makhanya, one of the first Black social workers in South Africa, tries to act as a mediator between these two women; but what emerges from these letters is a series of misunderstandings caused by cultural ignorance, racism and the fear in whites of having any true, free and equal dialogue with a Black person. The letters speak for themselves, but Shula Marks has written
fellow expatriates. Commuters complained that they seemed to be taking over the station. As the influx of asylum seekers and migrants expanded rapidly in 2015, there was talk of overflow problems on several levels. Even with their well-established systems of ticketing, identity controls, and surveillance, the smooth transit machines handling travel flows no longer worked. Air travel was rarely an option for refugees. They had to return to improvised ways of travel and border crossings. How to organize a journey from Syria or Libya to Scandinavia or Germany? A
‘Bulgarian Revival’ ( vŭzrazhdane ) 14 had taken place. The first major Bulgarian political revolutionary was Georgi Rakowski, who died of tuberculosis in 1867, but not before he put on course the idea of overthrowing Ottoman rule. He was followed by journalist Lyuben Karavelov, poet Christo Botev and the main organizer, Vasil Levski (the ‘Apostle of Freedom’). 15 Karavelov, Botev and Levski, as expatriates in Bucharest, formed the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
the London salons of the expatriate Russian propagandist Olga Kireeva Novikova (Novikoff in her English writings), where he first met Gladstone, Carlyle and Froude, among others. Stead was one of the three Englishmen, alongside Gladstone and the liberal journalist Peter Clayden, the editor of the Daily News , to receive a vote of thanks from the first Bulgarian National Assembly in 1878 for their role in the Bulgarian agitation movement in Britain. 105
economic) forms of domination by external powers. 4 See also the history of the West African Currency Board, founded in 1912 without any African involvement or consideration of how the Currency Board might ‘enlarge internal economies’ but, rather, to resolve disputes between expatriate traders to ensure that benefits accrued to Britain rather than the colonies (Hopkins 1970