Where and when does the violence end?
David M. Anderson
and
Paul J. Lane

14 1 The unburied victims of Kenya’s Mau Mau Rebellion: where and when does the violence end? David M. Anderson and Paul J. Lane All over central Kenya, the bones are coming up. Travelling around the countryside of the Kikuyu-​speaking areas of these intensely farmed and closely settled fertile highlands, there are strange patches of uncultivated land to be seen: places where local far­mers have found the remains of their kith and kin, those who were killed during Kenya’s bloody rebellion against colonialism in the 1950s. At Othaya, where the bitter war raged

in Human remains in society
Swati Mehta Dhawan
and
Julie Zollmann

easily as well as save and borrow funds to build stronger livelihoods. In this article, we use new research in Kenya and Jordan to show that financial inclusion cannot promote self-reliance in contexts where refugees are unable to work and move freely. In these contexts, digital financial services can provide channels for relief funds. However, the mechanisms host governments allow (and donors fund) end up being extensions of agendas of exclusion. Rather than

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
A Realistic Ambition?
Pierre Mendiharat
,
Elba Rahmouni
, and
Léon Salumu

Despite a concerted international effort in recent decades that has yielded significant progress in the fight against HIV/AIDS, the disease continues to kill large numbers of people, especially in certain regions like rural Ndhiwa district in Homa Bay County, Kenya. Although there is still no definitive cure or vaccine, UNAIDS has set an ambitious goal of ending the epidemic by 2030, specifically via its 90-90-90 (treatment cascade) strategy – namely that 90 per cent of

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Corporations, Celebrities and the Construction of the Entrepreneurial Refugee Woman
Annika Bergman Rosamond
and
Catia Gregoratti

Jordan and Angelina Jolie’s support for the RefuSHE project in Kenya. We first came to learn about them through UNHCR’s online communication channels where they are upheld as ‘successful’ examples of female refugee empowerment in contexts of protracted displacement. Both initiatives are transnational partnerships that aim to alleviate the insecurities of urban-based refugee women through artisanal work. Both also compete for the attention of compassionate consumers who

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Intermediating the Internet Economy in Digital Livelihoods Provision for Refugees
Andreas Hackl

. The results were analysed with Python and in Excel using simple numerical analysis and cross tabulation. A collaboration with the International Labour Organization (ILO) during this first phase of the project laid the foundations for subsequent ILO-commissioned research on refugees in the digital platform economy in Kenya, Uganda and Egypt, in collaboration with researchers at the social enterprise, Samuel Hall. The total number of interviews conducted in this second phase

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Open Access (free)
The Politics of Information and Analysis in Food Security Crises
Daniel Maxwell
and
Peter Hailey

study compared six case studies for the availability and quality of information and the independence, rigour and quality of analysis, including Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan and Yemen ( Maxwell and Hailey, 2020 ). All these countries, with the exception of Kenya, have been subject to famine or near famine conditions in recent years ( FEWS NET, 2017 ). Due to constraints on space, individual cases are not described here but are analysed

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
The Future of Work among the Forcibly Displaced
Evan Easton-Calabria
and
Andreas Hackl

-called fin-tech solutions. For the most part, refugees are either excluded from many of these services and must employ precarious workarounds, or they can only use digital financial tools in limited ways, like in receiving aid transfers. In this issue, Dhawan and Zollman explore how new digital financial tools are used for refugees in Kenya and Jordan. Despite being touted as a pathway for refugees’ resilience and self-reliance, these tools in fact are

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Catherine Akurut

fellating and being forced to commit or witness sexual violence acts against family members. It is vital to know in what ways men are sexually violated to create appropriate humanitarian responses. Auchter (2017) , for example, advocated that forced (adult) male circumcision be viewed as a form of gendered sexual violence in the context of conflict and political violence, such as Kenya’s 2007 post-election violence. In 2019, Médecins Sans Frontières (2019 : 2) conducted

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Open Access (free)
A Belated but Welcome Theory of Change on Mental Health and Development
Laura Davidson

of violence during lockdown: Sediri et al. (2020) . See also Raj et al. (2020) . 10 For the impact of the pandemic on mental health in LMICs generally, see, for example, Kumar et al. (2020) . For three country case studies, see: Newby et al. (2020) (Australia); Jaguga and Kwobah (2020) (Kenya); Kim et al

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs
Dispelling Misconceptions about Sexual Violence against Men and Boys in Conflict and Displacement
Heleen Touquet
,
Sarah Chynoweth
,
Sarah Martin
,
Chen Reis
,
Henri Myrttinen
,
Philipp Schulz
,
Lewis Turner
, and
David Duriesmith

. , 2020b ). Forms of violence vary between and within conflicts. For example, forced witnessing of sexual violence against others – an often overlooked type of sexual violence – was reportedly common in conflicts in Bosnia-Herzegovina, eastern DRC and Myanmar, among others ( Touquet, forthcoming ; Chynoweth, 2019a ; Promundo, 2013 ). Genital violence was commonplace against men and boys in conflicts in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kenya, and has been reported in other settings

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs