The eighteenth century was long deemed ‘the classical age of the constitution’ in Britain, with cabinet government based on a two-party system of Whigs and Tories in Parliament, and a monarchy whose powers had been emasculated by the Glorious Revolution of 1688–1689. This study furthers the work of Sir Lewis Namier, who, in 1929, argued that no such party system existed, George III was not a cypher, and that Parliament was an administration composed of factions and opposition. George III is a high-profile and well-known character in British history, whose policies have often been blamed for the loss of Britain's American colonies, around whom rages a perennial dispute over his aims: was he seeking to restore royal power or merely exercising his constitutional rights? This is a chronological survey of the first ten years of his reign through power politics and policy making.
THE EMERGENCE OF THE BRITISH LABOUR PARTY 27 Conservative Parties, despite the Labour Party’s origins as a gathering of trade union, co-operative and socialist societies, the PLP increasingly resembled its opponents, and ‘By the time the Parliamentary Labour Party had taken office in 1924 its transformation was almost complete. By accepting all the conventions with respect to the office of Prime Minister and of Cabinet government, it ensured that the Labour Party outside Parliament would be relegated to a status not unlike that of the [Conservative Party
apparent across the range of public policies. The government and cabinet The cabinet has the primary responsibility for the management of national and EU policy. The core principle of cabinet government in Ireland is the doctrine of collective responsibility which ensures that the cabinet as a whole takes responsibility for its decisions and individual ministers are expected to support government decisions in public. A pronounced feature of Irish government formation since 1982 is the dominance of coalition governments. Responsibility for EU policy does not appear to
cabinet government, such as using cabinet meetings less than his predecessors, and he attends the House of Commons very infrequently. He led his party to another sweeping general election victory in 2001. He played a significant international role in the diplomatic and military developments following the 11 September 2001 attack by terrorists on New York. [See also: Kinnock; Smith; Clause Four*] Bohley